SIMPLE = T / file does conform to FITS standard BITPIX = 16 / number of bits per data pixel NAXIS = 0 / number of data axes EXTEND = T / FITS dataset may contain extensions COMMENT FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) format is defined in 'AstronomyCOMMENT and Astrophysics', volume 376, page 359; bibcode: 2001A&A...376..359H HDUNAME = 'PRIMARY ' / ASCDM block name LONGSTRN= 'OGIP 1.0' / The HEASARC Long String Convention may be used.COMMENT This FITS file may contain long string keyword values that are COMMENT continued over multiple keywords. The HEASARC convention uses the & COMMENT character at the end of each substring which is then continued COMMENT on the next keyword which has the name CONTINUE. ORIGIN = 'ASC ' / Source of FITS file CREATOR = 'mkarf v0.6.2-0' / Program creating this file MJD_OBS = 5.5243660970814E+04 / Modified Julian date of observation DS_IDENT= 'ADS/Sa.CXO#obs/10957' / dataset identifier CHECKSUM= 'afSGafQEafQEafQE' / HDU checksum updated 2011-07-17T18:15:18 DATASUM = ' ' / data unit checksum updated 2011-05-03T12:32:35 DATE = '2011-07-17T18:15:18' / Date and time of file creation DATE-OBS= '2010-02-16T15:51:47' / Observation start date DATE-END= '2010-02-17T00:41:11' / Observation end date TIMESYS = 'TT ' / Time system MJDREF = 5.0814000000000E+04 / MJD zero point for times TIMEZERO= 0.0000000000000E+00 / Clock correction TIMEUNIT= 's ' / Time unit CLOCKAPP= T / default DETNAM = 'ACIS-0 ' / ACIS-I0 FILTER = ' ' GRATING = 'NONE ' CYCLE = 'P ' / events from which exps? Prim/Second/Both SIM_X = -7.8090834371673E-01 / [mm] SIM offset SIM_Y = 0.0000000000000E+00 / [mm] SIM offset SIM_Z = -2.3358743446083E+02 / [mm] SIM offset TSTART = 3.8272270787829E+08 / Observation start time TSTOP = 3.8275447109240E+08 / Observation end time MISSION = 'AXAF ' / Mission TELESCOP= 'CHANDRA ' / Telescope Used INSTRUME= 'ACIS ' / Instrument OBS_ID = '10957 ' / Observation id SEQ_NUM = '200589 ' / Sequence number END XTENSION= 'BINTABLE' / binary table extension BITPIX = 8 / 8-bit bytes NAXIS = 2 / 2-dimensional binary table NAXIS1 = 12 / width of table in bytes NAXIS2 = 1070 / number of rows in table PCOUNT = 0 / size of special data area GCOUNT = 1 / one data group (required keyword) TFIELDS = 3 / number of fields in each row EXTNAME = 'SPECRESP' / Imaging ARF HDUNAME = 'SPECRESP' / ASCDM block name CONTENT = 'SPECRESP' HDUVERS = '1.1.0 ' HDUCLASS= 'OGIP ' HDUCLAS1= 'RESPONSE' HDUCLAS2= 'SPECRESP' HDUVERS1= '1.0.0 ' / Obsolete Keyword HDUVERS2= '1.1.0 ' / Obsolete Keyword ARFVERSN= '1992a ' / Obsolete Keyword TTYPE1 = 'ENERG_LO' / Energy TFORM1 = '1E ' / format of field TUNIT1 = 'keV ' TLMIN1 = 0.0000000E+00 TLMAX1 = 2.0000000E+01 TTYPE2 = 'ENERG_HI' / Effective Area TFORM2 = '1E ' / format of field TUNIT2 = 'keV ' TLMIN2 = 0.0000000E+00 TLMAX2 = 2.0000000E+01 TTYPE3 = 'SPECRESP' / Effective Area TFORM3 = '1E ' / format of field TUNIT3 = 'cm**2 ' LONGSTRN= 'OGIP 1.0' / The HEASARC Long String Convention may be used.COMMENT This FITS file may contain long string keyword values that are COMMENT continued over multiple keywords. The HEASARC convention uses the & COMMENT character at the end of each substring which is then continued COMMENT on the next keyword which has the name CONTINUE. ORIGIN = 'ASC ' / Source of FITS file CREATOR = 'mkarf v0.6.2-0' / Program creating this file ASCDSVER= 'CIAO 4.3' / ASCDS version number MJD_OBS = 5.5243660970814E+04 / Modified Julian date of observation DS_IDENT= 'ADS/Sa.CXO#obs/10957' / dataset identifier REVISION= 1 / Processing version of data CHECKSUM= 'CaaNCSZMCYaMCYWM' / HDU checksum updated 2011-07-17T18:15:18 DATASUM = '644780166' / data unit checksum updated 2011-07-17T18:15:18 RAND_SKY= 5.0000000000000E-01 RAND_PI = 1.0000000000000E+00 EQUINOX = 2.0000000000000E+03 / default DATE = '2011-07-17T18:15:18' / Date and time of file creation DATE-OBS= '2010-02-16T15:51:47' / Observation start date OBS_MODE= 'POINTING' / Observation mode DATE-END= '2010-02-17T00:41:11' / Observation end date TIMESYS = 'TT ' / Time system MJDREF = 5.0814000000000E+04 / MJD zero point for times TIMEZERO= 0.0000000000000E+00 / Clock correction TIMEUNIT= 's ' / Time unit BTIMNULL= 3.7791207308470E+08 / Basic Time offset (s) DATACLAS= 'OBSERVED' / default BTIMRATE= 2.5625001296548E-01 / Basic Time clock rate (s / VCDUcount) BTIMDRFT= 1.0559230776084E-18 / Basic Time clock drift (s / VCDUcount^2) FILTER = 'NONE ' / QE includes all filters RESPFILE= '0.3:11.0:0.01' / RMF File ASPFILE = '../../acisf10957/products/aux/asphist_0.fits.gz' / Aspect Histogram FBTIMCORR= 0.0000000000000E+00 / Correction applied to Basic Time rate (s) TIMEREF = 'LOCAL ' / Time reference (barycenter/local) TASSIGN = 'SATELLITE' / Time assigned by clock CLOCKAPP= T / default SIM_X = -7.8090834371673E-01 / [mm] SIM offset SIM_Y = 0.0000000000000E+00 / [mm] SIM offset SIM_Z = -2.3358743446083E+02 / [mm] SIM offset FOC_LEN = 1.0070000000000E+04 / HRMA focal length (mm) TIERRELA= 1.0000000000000E-09 / default TIERABSO= 5.0000000000000E-05 / default TIMVERSN= 'ASC-FITS-2' / Timing system definition TSTART = 3.8272270787829E+08 / Observation start time GRATING = 'NONE ' / Grating DETNAM = 'ACIS-0 ' / ACIS-I0 RA_PNT = 3.0834605872710E+02 / Pointing RA DEC_PNT = 4.1412459044081E+01 / Pointing Dec ROLL_PNT= 2.7403608059997E+01 / Pointing Roll RA_TARG = 3.0833837400000E+02 / Observer's specified target RA DEC_TARG= 4.1406768000000E+01 / Observer's specified target Dec DEFOCUS = 1.4398718632593E-03 / SIM defocus (mm) RA_NOM = 3.0834605872710E+02 / Nominal RA DEC_NOM = 4.1412459044081E+01 / Nominal Dec ROLL_NOM= 2.7403608059997E+01 / Nominal Roll TSTOP = 3.8275447109240E+08 / Observation end time STARTOBT= 0.0000000000000E+00 / On-Board MET close to STARTMJF and STARTMNF TIMEPIXR= 5.0000000000000E-01 / default TIMEDEL = 3.2410400000000E+00 / timedel Lev1 (in seconds) CTI_CORR= T CTI_APP = 'PPPPPBPBPP' MISSION = 'AXAF ' / Mission TELESCOP= 'CHANDRA ' / Telescope Used INSTRUME= 'ACIS ' / Instrument FRACEXPO= 9.6553256106109E-01 / Effective fractional exposure READMODE= 'TIMED ' / Read mode DATAMODE= 'VFAINT ' / Data mode FLSHTIME= 0.0000000000000E+00 / Inferred duration of each flush. (s) CYCLE = 'P ' / events from which exps? Prim/Second/Both TITLE = 'The Chandra Cygnus OB2 Survey' / Proposal title OBSERVER= 'Dr. Jeremy Drake' / Principal investigator OBJECT = 'Cygnus OB2' / Source name OBS_ID = '10957 ' / Observation id SEQ_NUM = '200589 ' / Sequence number ONTIME = 2.9446378172219E+04 / [s] Sum of GTIs ONTIME0 = 2.9446378172219E+04 / [s] Sum of GTIs LIVETIME= 2.9073510401322E+04 / [s] Livetime LIVTIME0= 2.9073510401322E+04 / [s] Livetime EXPOSURE= 2.9073520591289E+04 / [secs] Total exposure time EXPOSUR0= 2.9073510401322E+04 / [s] Exposure time DTCOR = 9.8733739787229E-01 / Dead time correction ASPTYPE = 'KALMAN ' FP_TEMP = 1.5344601440000E+02 / [K] Focal Plane Temperature RADESYS = 'ICRS ' / default HISTORY ----------------------------------------------------------------- HISTORY MKARF Processing History HISTORY ----------------------------------------------------------------- HISTORY Startup Directory: /xassist/data/pipeline4/chandra/10957/acisf10957/prodHISTORY ucts HISTORY Cmd Line: mkarf @@/tmp/tmpU8GyDX.par mode=hl HISTORY Parameter file used: /tmp/tmpU8GyDX.par HISTORY Detector Mask File: ../../acisf10957/data/aux/acisf10957_001N001_msk1.fiHISTORY ts.gz HISTORY Source SKY position: (3568.36,3869.41) HISTORY ---------------------------------------------------------------------- HISTORY ARDLIB History Records HISTORY ---------------------------------------------------------------------- HISTORY ARDLIB Version: 0.8.5 HISTORY File used for CALDB info: ../../acisf10957/products/events/fullrun_ccd0_HISTORY acisf10957_pi14-548_pass1_cl_src29_src.evt.gz HISTORY Parameter file: /opt/ciao-4.3/param/ardlib.par HISTORY ACIS QE File: /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/acis/qe/acisD1997-04-17qeHISTORY N0006.fits[1] HISTORY ACIS Uniformity File: /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/acis/qeu/acisD200HISTORY 0-01-29qeuN0006.fits[1] HISTORY ACIS Contamination File: /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/acis/contam/acHISTORY isD1999-08-13contamN0006.fits[1] HISTORY ACIS 0 Badpix File: /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/acis/badpix/acisD20HISTORY 00-11-28badpixN0003.fits[1] HISTORY Vignetting File: /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/default/vignet/hrmaD19HISTORY 96-12-20vignetN0003.fits[1] HISTNUM = 22 HISTORY Onaxis Area File: /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/default/axeffa/hrmaD1HISTORY 996-12-20axeffaN0008.fits[1] HISTORY ---------------------------------------------------------------------- HISTORY ---------------------------------------------------------------------- HISTORY PIXLIB History Records HISTORY ---------------------------------------------------------------------- HISTORY PIXLIB Version: 4.0.0 HISTORY ****** PIXLIB Parameter File ***** HISTORY /opt/ciao-4.3/param/geom.par: HISTORY instruments = /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/default/geom/telD1999-07HISTORY -23geomN0006.fits(CALDB) HISTORY aimpoints = /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/default/aimpts/telD1999-HISTORY 07-23aimptsN0002.fits(CALDB) HISTORY tdet = /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/default/tdet/telD1999-07HISTORY -23tdetN0001.fits(CALDB) HISTORY sky = /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/default/sky/telD1999-07-HISTORY 23skyN0002.fits(CALDB) HISTORY shell = /opt/ciao-4.3/CALDB/data/chandra/default/sgeom/telD1999-0HISTORY 7-23sgeomN0001.fits(CALDB) HISTORY obsfile = nowT00:00:00() HISTORY ****** PIXLIB System Configuration ****** HISTORY Telescope = AXAF HISTORY Focal Length (mm) = 10070.000 HISTORY Detector = ACIS HISTORY Focal Plane Sys. = FP-1.1 HISTORY Tiled Detector Plane Sys. = ACIS-2.2 HISTORY SIM Offset (mm) = (0.684 0.75 236.552) HISTORY Aim Point(NONE) (mm) = (-0.780908 0 -233.587) HISTORY Grating Arm = HEG HISTORY Grating Order = 1 HISTORY Dispersion Plane Sys. = ASC-GDP-1.1 HISTORY Rowland Circle (mm) = 8632.48 HISTORY ---------------------------------------------------------------------- HISTORY TOOL :mkarf 2011-07-17T18:15:18 ASC00001HISTORY PARM :asphistfile=../../acisf10957/products/aux/asphist_0.fitsASC00002HISTORY CONT :.gz ASC00003HISTORY PARM :outfile=../../acisf10957/products/spectra/fullrun_ccd0_aASC00004HISTORY CONT :cisf10957_pi14-548_pass1_cl_src29.arf ASC00005HISTORY PARM :sourcepixelx=3568.35724 ASC00006HISTORY PARM :sourcepixely=3869.40724 ASC00007HISTORY PARM :engrid=0.3:11.0:0.01 ASC00008HISTORY PARM :obsfile=../../acisf10957/products/events/fullrun_ccd0_acASC00009HISTORY CONT :isf10957_pi14-548_pass1_cl_src29_src.evt.gz ASC00010HISTORY PARM :pbkfile=../../acisf10957/data/aux/acisf382724874N001_pbkASC00011HISTORY CONT :0.fits.gz ASC00012HISTORY PARM :dafile=CALDB ASC00013HISTORY PARM :mirror=HRMA ASC00014HISTORY PARM :detsubsys=ACIS-I0 ASC00015HISTORY PARM :grating=NONE ASC00016HISTORY PARM :maskfile=../../acisf10957/data/aux/acisf10957_001N001_msASC00017HISTORY CONT :k1.fits.gz ASC00018HISTORY PARM :ardlibparfile=ardlib.par ASC00019HISTORY PARM :geompar=geom ASC00020HISTORY PARM :verbose=0 ASC00021HISTORY PARM :clobber=yes ASC00022END >>R<U>R> => >>">>{>>{>33>&>33>Q?&5>Q>p?cW>p>\?c>\>Ǯ?ܷP>Ǯ>@>>@;%>> =@TB> =>(@>(>G@u>G>ff@1>ff>A>>A4>>AXg>>HA>H?At??\A?\?AG??A}?? =qAAs? =q? A4? ?\)A]ʘ?\)?A^}??zA?z? =AP? =?A??(Azp?(?RBK?R?!GBT?!G?# B)p?# ?&ffBU?^R?aGCF04?aG?c CN"?c ?fffCU=?fff?hC]?h?kCe;?k?n{Cl?n{?pCt~?p?s33C|J?s33?uCݴ?u?xQC?xQ?zHC?zH?}pCON?}p?C??GC?G?\CS?\? C? ?Cְ??ffCM(?ff?C??C3??=qCy?=q?Cύ??C??{C ?{?\)CVR?\)?C??C;??33C ?33?zCơ?z?Cg?? =C#? =?QC ?Q?Cќ{??HCSb?H?(CI?(?pC,?p?RCۋ,?R?C#??GC3U?G?\C~,?\? CЃ? ?C0??ffCN}?ff?C;??CU??=qC?=q?Cy??CK??{C?{?\)C?\)?C??Cu??33Cj?33?zC?z?CD?? =Dhy? =?QD1?Q?DT??HDQ?H?(Dm?(?pD"K?p?RDe?R?D??GD2?G?\D?\? DZ? ?D??ffD?ff?ǮC?Ǯ?C1??=qC ?=q?˅C0?˅?C%??{C?{?\)CE?\)?УCo?У?C??33Cd?33?zC?z?C-?? =C ? =?QCN?Q?ٙC?ٙ?HCۛ?H?(CI_?(?pCly?p?޸RCM?޸R?CS??GCo2?G?\C(?\? Cm? ?Dx??ffD?ff?D??D/??=qDm1?=q?D~1??Cd??{CА?{?\)C?\)?C1??C??33CD?33?zC?z?CJ ?? =C0? =?QCRq?Q?CXJ??HC?H?(C]?(?pCO?p?RCr?R@CE@@C]@@GC@G@Cd@@\C@\@33C@33@ Cc6@ @zC@z@Cn@@C]U@@ffCdg@ff@ =Cg?@ =@Ch( @@QC^@Q@CVG@@ COp@ @ =qCD@ =q@ HCI;@ H@ CRzl@ @ (CTE@ (@ CY@ @ pC^@ p@{Cf_@{@RCj@R@\)Cn@\)@Cp @@Co"@@GCr!@G@Cys@@\C~c@\@33C0@33@ C@ @zC9V@z@C&@@C@@ffCj@ff@ =Ce0@ =@C[2@@QCi<@Q@C@@C@@=qCI@=q@HC^@H@Co@@(C@(@Ce@@pC/@p@{CMZ@{@RC@R@\)C@\)@ C׷@ @ C@ @!GC@!G@!Cj&@!@"\C,@"\@#33C@#33@# C@# @$zC@$z@%C@%@%C@%@&ffCt@&ff@' =Cg@' =@'C @'@(QCC@(Q@(Cr@(@)C T@)@*=qC@*=q@*HC*@*H@+CϠ@+@,(C@,(@,C @,@-pC%J@-p@.{C+@.{@.RCN@.R@/\)C@/\)@0Ca@0@0CB@0@1GC<@1G@1CO@1@2\C6@2\@333C(@333@3 Cf@3 @4zCV@4z@5C)@5@5CƱ@5@6ffCeI@6ff@7 =C@@7 =@7C-n@7@8QC#?@8Q@8C@8@9C@9@:=qC&F@:=q@:HCd@:H@;C~@;@<(Cjg@<(@{C@>{@>RCa@>R@?\)CD:@?\)@@C@@@@Cw@@@AGCu@AG@ACzK@A@B\C@B\@C33CC@C33@C C@C @DzC@Dz@ECME@E@ECJ@E@FffCW@Fff@G =CTt@G =@GCU@G@HQC @HQ@HC@H@IC@I@J=qCԼ@J=q@JHC1@JH@KCQ@K@L(CC5@L(@LC<>@L@MpC@Mp@N{C@N{@NRCm@NR@O\)C@O\)@PCA@P@PC@P@QGC3@QG@QC@Q@R\C@R\@S33C{@S33@S C@S @TzC@Tz@UC6@U@UCG@U@VffC@Vff@W =C@W =@WC@W@XQCj@XQ@XCq@X@YC@Y@Z=qC @Z=q@ZHCa@ZH@[Cw@[@\(CP@\(@\C#@\@]pCO@]p@^{CV@^{@^RC$@^R@_\)C@_\)@`C@`@`CM+@`@aGC>@aG@aCW@a@b\CR@b\@c33CE@c33@c CK@c @dzC}@dz@eCN@e@eC@e@fffC@fff@g =Cy@g =@gCQ@g@hQC#@hQ@hC0@h@iCʚ@i@j=qC@j=q@jHC4@jH@kCB@k@l(C5@l(@lCU@l@mpCt6@mp@n{CP@n{@nRCj@nR@o\)C@o\)@pC@p@pCε@p@qGC@qG@qCg@q@r\C@r\@s33C@s33@s C'u@s @tzC.@tz@uC5@u@uCS@u@vffCq\@vff@w =C@w =@wC@w@xQC@xQ@xC@x@yCT@y@z=qC@z=q@zHCo@zH@{C@{@|(Cԧ@|(@|CR@|@}pCF@}p@~{C7@~{@~RCX@~R@\)Cu @\)@C@@QC@Q@CP@@Ct@@GC¸@G@C@@C:@@=qC@=q@\C@\@HCt@H@33Cc#@33@CTU@@ CG@ @(C:@(@zC!@z@Cs@@C@@pC0@p@Cb@@{C@{@ffC@ff@RCI@R@ =Ck4@ =@\)CP@\)@C3@@Cd@@QCg@Q@C@@C"@@GC}@G@Cv@@CR$@@=qC*@=q@\CI@\@HC@H@33CQ@33@C@@ CD@ @(C@(@zC@z@C @@C@@pCG~@p@C D@@{C@{@ffCY@ff@RCp@R@ =C,@ =@\)Co@\)@C7@@C@@QCF'@Q@C@@C4@@GCs@G@CK@@C@@=qC@=q@\CV @\@HC @H@33C@33@Cm@@ C@ @(C@(@zCr@z@C%@@C@@pCb@p@CE@@{C@{@ffC_p@ff@RC@R@ =C@ =@\)CC@\)@Cu@@C6@@QC-C@Q@CȮ@@Cd*@@GC @G@C@@C<@@=qC@=q@\CU@\@HCg@H@33CH@33@C9i@@ C@ @(CNV@(@zC@z@C@@C@@pC@p@C@@{C@{@ffC@ff@RC@R@ =C%@ =@\)C@\)@C&@@Cr@@QC@Q@C@@C @@GCM@G@C@@Cz@@=qCn@=q@\ChU@\@HC@H@33CKp@33@C©@@ C?p@ @(C`@(@zC6b@z@C@@C$@@pC@p@C@@{Cwd@{@ffC1@ff@RCZB@R@ =C/@ =@\)C}@z@C=]@@C@@Bl@@pBq@p@B@@{B@{@ffBƥ@ff@RB@R@ =BV@ =@\)B@\)@Bq@@B4@@QBp@Q@B`n@@B~@@GB|^N@G@Bz@@Bx@@=qBvNg@=q@\Bt@\@HBq@H@33BoW@33@Bm@@ Bk!@ @(Bi0X@(@zBg2@z@Be4h@@BcO^@@pBa@p@B_@@{B]@{@ffB[@ff@RBZ @R@ =BX<@ =@\)BVp@\)@BTÝ@@BS@@QBQa@Q@BO@@BM@@GBL@G@BJIO@@BH@@=qBG)@=q@\BE}@\@HBD@H@33BBo@33@B@ֆ@@ B?5@ @(B=@(@zB$ARAHAAHA =AgAAAxAAAv-AAAsuAAGAqLAGApAnApAAlzAAAjAAAgAAA{Ae;A{A=qAb A=qAffA`PAffA\A^#[A\ARA[fARAHAYCAHA =AV`A =A33ATGA33A\)ARA\)AAOAAAMMAA AK?A AAHAA(AFq|A(AQAD0fAQAzAAAzAA?9AAA=UdAAA;AAA8@AAGA6AGApA4fApAA24AAA/AAA-AA{A+A{A=qA)A=qAffA'AffA\A%1A\ARA#o9ARAHA!OAHA =AA\AR@ARAH@@AHA =@ߞlA =A33@yoA33A\)@@A\)A@WAA@ҪAA @χ$A A @f A A (@3tA (A Q@A QA z@¯A zA @Y3A A @ A A @ A A!@{A!A!G@8A!GA!p@7A!pA!@kIA!A!@+A!A!@֟A!A"{@YA"{A"=q@[>A"=qA"ff@!lA"ffA"\@A"\A"R@ډA"RA"H@A"HA# =@A# =A#33@kA#33A#\)@sDA#\)A#@RA#A#@5'A#A# @~˱A# A$@y2A$A$(@sA$(A$Q@nfA$QA$z@i$A$zA$@c\A$A$@]A$A$@X6A$A%@S%A%A%G@NEA%GA%p@IA%pA%@D0A%A%@>YA%A%@9=\A%A&{@3yA&{A&=q@/t^A&=qA&ff@+5uA&ffA&\@&*A&\A&R@"fA&RA&H@,:A&HA' =@A' =A'33@ =A'33A'\)@-A'\)A'@ 0LA'A'@A'A' @A' A(?cA(A((?F5A((A(Q?A(QA(z?A(zA(?y+A(A(? nA(A(?A(A)?۳A)A)G?AA)GA)p?A)pA)?A)A)?RA)A)?(A)A*{?A*{A*=q?.A*=qA*ff?A*ffA*\?dA*\A*R?]A*RA*H?A*HA+ =?A+ =A+33?}^A+33A+\)?uA+\)A+?n$A+A+?fvA+A+ ?_%A+ A,?X}9A,A,(?R9A,(A,Q?LMA,QA,z?G^A,zA,?AA,A,? A/ =A/33>wA/33A/\)>tA/\)A/> 1A/A/>ߧA/A/ >eA/ A0>+A