This website is kept for archival purposes only and is no longer updated.
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1 INTRODUCTION (pdf) 1-1
1.1 Hubble Space Telescope Configuration 1-3
1.1.1 Optical Telescope Assembly 1-4
1.1.2 The Science Instruments 1-5
1.1.3 Support Systems Module 1-7
1.1.4 Solar Arrays 1-7
1.1.5 Computers 1-7
1.2 The Hubble Space Telescope Program 1-7
1.3 The Value of Servicing 1-9
2 HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE SERVICING MISSION 3A (pdf) 2-1
2.1 Reasons for Orbital Servicing 2-1
2.2 Orbital Replacement Units 2-2
2.3 Shuttle Support Equipment 2-3
2.3.1 Remote Manipulator System 2-4
2.3.2 Space Support Equipment 2-4
2.3.3 Orbital Replacement Unit Carrier 2-5
2.4 Astronaut Roles and Training 2-7
2.5 Extravehicular Crew Aids and Tools 2-9
2.6 Astronauts of the Servicing Mission 3A 2-9
2.7 Servicing Mission Activities 2-12
2.7.1 Rendezvous With the Hubble Space Telescope 2-12
2.7.2 Extravehicular Servicing Activities � Day by Day 2-13
2.8 Future Servicing Plans 2-26
3 HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE AND DISCOVERIES (pdf) 3-1
3.1 Planets 3-1
3.2 Formation and Evolution of Stars and Planets 3-6
3.3 Galaxies and Cosmology 3-10
3.4 Summary 3-15
4 SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS (pdf) 4-1
4.1 Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph 4-1
4.1.1 Physical Description 4-1
4.1.2 Spectra Operational Modes 4-7
4.1.3 STIS Specifications 4-8
4.1.4 Observations 4-8
4.2 Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 4-9
4.2.1 Physical Description 4-10
4.2.2 WFPC2 Specifications 4-13
4.2.3 Observations 4-13
4.3 Astrometry (Fine Guidance Sensors) 4-14
4.3.1 Fine Guidance Sensor Specifications 4-14
4.3.2 Operational Modes for Astrometry 4-14
4.3.3 Fine Guidance Sensor Filter Wheel 4-15
4.3.4 Astrometric Observations 4-15
5 HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE SYSTEMS (pdf) 5-1
5.1 Support Systems Module 5-2
5.1.1 Structures and Mechanisms Subsystem 5-2
5.1.2 Instrumentation and Communications Subsystem 5-7
5.1.3 Data Management Subsystem 5-8
5.1.4 Pointing Control Subsystem 5-10
5.1.5 Electrical Power Subsystem 5-14
5.1.6 Thermal Control 5-16
5.1.7 Safing (Contingency) System 5-16
5.2 Optical Telescope Assembly 5-18
5.2.1 Primary Mirror Assembly and Spherical Aberration 5-19
5.2.2 Secondary Mirror Assembly 5-23
5.2.3 Focal Plane Structure Assembly 5-24
5.2.4 OTA Equipment Section 5-24
5.3 Fine Guidance Sensor 5-25
5.3.1 Fine Guidance Sensor Composition and Function 5-25
5.3.2 Articulated Mirror System 5-27
5.4 Solar Array and Jitter Problems 5-27
5.4.1 Configuration 5-27
5.4.2 Solar Array Subsystems 5-28
5.4.3 Solar Array Configuration for Servicing Mission 3A 5-29
5.5 Science Instrument Control and Data Handling Unit 5-29
5.5.1 Components 5-29
5.5.2 Operation 5-30
5.6 Space Support Equipment 5-31
5.6.1 Flight Support System 5-32
5.6.2 Orbital Replacement Unit Carrier 5-33
5.6.3 Crew Aids 5-35
6 HST OPERATIONS (pdf) 6-1
6.1 Space Telescope Science Institute 6-1
6.1.1 Scientific Goals 6-1
6.1.2 Institute Software 6-1
6.1.3 Selecting Observation Proposals 6-2
6.1.4 Scheduling Selected Observations 6-2
6.1.5 Data Analysis and Storage 6-2
6.2 Space Telescope Operations Control Center 6-3
6.3 Operational Characteristics 6-3
6.3.1 Orbital Characteristics 6-4
6.3.2 Celestial Viewing 6-4
6.3.3 Solar System Object Viewing 6-5
6.3.4 Natural Radiation 6-5
6.3.5 Maneuver Characteristics 6-6
6.3.6 Communication Characteristics 6-6
6.4 Acquisition and Observation 6-7
7 VALUE ADDED: The Benefits of Servicing Hubble (pdf) 7-1
7.1 Cost-Effective Modular Design 7-1
7.1.1 Processor Improvements 7-1
7.1.2 Data Archiving Rate 7-1
7.1.3 Detector Technology 7-4
7.1.4 Cryogenic Cooler 7-4
7.1.5 Solar Arrays 7-5
7.1.6 Simultaneous Science 7-5
7.2 Accelerated Innovations 7-5
7.2.1 Detecting Breast Cancer Before Black Holes 7-5
7.2.2 Image Processing: Diagnosing Cancer Earlier 7-6.iv K9322-TOC
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1-1 The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) � shown in
a clean room at Lockheed 1-2
Martin Missiles & Space in Sunnyvale, California,
before shipment to
Kennedy Space Center � is equipped with science instruments
and engineering
subsystems designed as orbital replacement units.
1-2 Schedule of extravehicular activities 1-3
1-3 HST overall configuration 1-4
1-4 HST exploded view 1-5
1-5 Hubble Space Telescope specifications 1-6
1-6 Organization summary for HST program operational phase 1-8
1-7 HST data collecting network 1-9
2-1 Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 3A Orbital Replacement Units 2-3
2-2 Servicing Mission 3A Payload Bay configuration 2-4
2-3 Flight Support System configuration 2-5
2-4 Orbital Replacement Unit Carrier 2-6
2-5 Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory at NASA Johnson Space Center 2-8
2-6 The STS-103 mission has seven crewmembers.
They are (from left) 2-10
Mission Specialist C. Michael Foale, Mission Specialist
Claude Nicollier,
Pilot Scott J. Kelly, Commander Curtis L. Brown, Jr.,
Mission Specialist
Jean-François Clervoy, Mission Specialist John
M. Grunsfeld, and Mission
Specialist and Payload Commander Steven L. Smith.
2-7 Detailed schedule of extravehicular activities
and SA and FSS positions 2-14
during SM3A
2-8 Change-out of Rate Sensor Unit 2-16
2-9 Voltage/Temperature Improvement Kit installation 2-17
2-10 Fine Guidance Sensor change-out 2-19
2-11 S-Band Single Access Transmitter change-out 2-22
2-12 Installation of Solid State recorder 2-23
2-13 New outer blanket layer installation 2-24
2-14 Redeploying the Space Telescope 2-26
3-1 On April 27, 1999, Hubble took pictures of
a Martian storm more than 1000 3-2
miles (1600 km) across. Left: an image of the polar
storm as seen in blue light
(410 nm). Upper right: a polar view of the north polar
region, showing the
location of the storm relative to the classical bright
and dark features in this
area. Lower right: an enhanced view of the storm processed
to bring out
additional detail in its spiral cloud structures.
3-2 The HST WFPC2 captured these images between
April 27 and May 6, 1999, 3-3
when Mars was 54 million miles (87 million kilometers)
from Earth. From
this distance the telescope could see Martian features
as small as 12 miles
(19 kilometers) wide.
3-3 This is the first image of Saturn's ultraviolet
aurora taken by the STIS in 3-4
A bright knot appears in the Supernova 1987A Ring.
3-4 Saturn viewed in the infrared shows atmospheric clouds and hazes. 3-5
3-5 The crisp resolution of the Telescope reveals
various stages of the life cycle 3-6
of stars in this single view of the giant galactic nebula
NGC 3603.
3-6 In this October 1998 image of the Ring Nebula
(M57), Hubble looks down 3-8
a barrel of gas cast off by a dying star thousands of
years ago.
3-7 Hubble sees supersonic exhaust from nebula
M2-9, a striking example of 3-9
a "butterfly" or bipolar planetary nebula.
3-8 A bright knot appears in the Supernova 1987A Ring. 3-10
3-9 In an observation called the Hubble Deep Field
South (HDF-S), the Telescope 3-12
peered down an 11-billion-light-year-long corridor loaded
with thousands of
never-before seen galaxies.
3-10 This HST image provides a detailed look at
a "fireworks show" in the center 3-13
of a collision between two galaxies.
3-11 Hubble offers an unprecedented close-up view
of a turbulent firestorm of 3-14
starbirth along a nearly edge-on dust disk girdling
Centaurus A.
4-1 Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph 4-1
4-2 STIS components and detectors 4-3
4-3 STIS spectroscopic modes 4-4
4-4 Multi-Anode Microchannel Plate Array (MAMA) detector 4-5
4-5 Simplified MAMA system 4-6
4-6 STIS filter set 4-8
4-7 STIS specifications 4-8
4-8 Wide Field and Planetary Camera (WFPC) overall configuration 4-11
4-9 WFPC optics design 4-12
4-10 WFPC2 imaging 4-13
4-11 WFPC2 specifications 4-13
4-12 Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) 4-14
4-13 FGS specifications 4-14
5-1 Hubble Space Telescope � exploded view 5-1
5-2 Hubble Space Telescope axes 5-2
5-3 Design features of Support Systems Module 5-3
5-4 Structural components of Support Systems Module 5-3
5-5 Aperture door and light shield 5-4
5-6 Support Systems Module forward shell 5-4
5-7 Support Systems Module Equipment Section bays and contents 5-5
5-8 Support Systems Module aft shroud and bulkhead 5-6
5-9 High Gain Antenna 5-7
5-10 Data Management Subsystem functional block diagram 5-8
5-11 Advanced computer 5-9
5-12 Data Management Unit configuration 5-10
5-13 Location of Pointing Control Subsystem equipment 5-12
5-14 Reaction Wheel Assembly 5-13
5-15 Electrical Power Subsystem functional block diagram 5-15
5-16 Placement of thermal protection on Support Systems Module 5-17
5-17 Light path for the main Telescope 5-19
5-18 Instrument/sensor field of view 5-20
5-19 Optical Telescope Assembly components 5-21
5-20 Primary mirror assembly 5-21.vi K9322-TOC
5-21 Primary mirror construction 5-22
5-22 Main ring and reaction plate 5-22
5-23 Secondary mirror assembly 5-23
5-24 Focal plane structure 5-24
5-25 Optical Telescope Assembly Equipment Section 5-25
5-26 Cutaway view of Fine Guidance Sensor 5-26
5-27 Optical path of Fine Guidance Sensor 5-26
5-28 Solar Array wing detail 5-28
5-29 Fitting for Solar Array manual deployment 5-28
5-30 Science Instrument Control and Data Handling unit 5-29
5-31 Command flow for Science Instrument Control and Data Handling unit 5-31
5-32 Flow of science data in the Hubble Space Telescope 5-32
5-33 Flight Support System configuration 5-33
5-34 Flight Support System Berthing and Positioning
System ring pivoted up 5-33
with Telescope berthed
5-35 Orbital Replacement Unit Carrier 5-34
5-36 Portable Foot Restraint 5-35
6-1 "Continuous-zone" celestial viewing 6-4
6-2 HST single-axis maneuvers 6-5
6-3 Sun-avoidance maneuver 6-6
6-4 TDRS-HST contact zones 6-6
7-1 Advanced scientific instruments installed (or to be installed) on HST 7-2
7-2 Systems maintained and upgraded during each servicing mission 7-3
7-3 Processor improvements on HST 7-3
7-4 Data archiving rate improvements 7-3
7-5 Increase in onboard pixels 7-4
7-6 Increase in HST infrared capability 7-4
7-7 Productivity gains on HST with new solar arrays 7-5
7-8 Simultaneous use of HST science instruments 7-5
7-9 Projected medical savings 7-6
